It is important to first explain that "syndrome" is simply a collection of the symptoms and "disorder" is the actual condition.
Research has shown that many factors may lead to this disorder - TMJ dysfunction (TMD).
TMD can occur by itself or be a part of a more complex problem. Statistics indicate that the vast majority of TMJ disorders are caused by trauma.
There 2 types of trauma; Macro-trauma that is sustained from a major injury to the joint or Micro-trauma that is the result of the low grade, repetitive injury.